Cutter-head.



wYIr I E. H. WAUGH.

vGUTTER HEAD. APPLICATION FILED .IAN- 21| I9I5.

Patented Maly 4;, 1915.

:RS CO., PHOTO-LITHO.. WASHINGTON. D. C.

EDWARD n. WAUGH, or SEATTLE, WASHINGTON.

CUTTER-HEAD.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 4, 1915.

Application filed January 2'?, 1,915. Serial No. 4,774.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I EDWARD H. WAUGI-I, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of the city of Seattle, in the county of King and State of lVashington, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cutter-Heads, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to cutter heads of theV type used in dressing lumber, and is shown particularly as designed for use in forming the tongue on the edge of a board, as is done in connection with liooring or other lumber that it is designed shall be joined together throughout the length of their edges.

The object of my invention is to provide a cutter head havingthereon detachable and adjustable cutters, these being capable of such adjustment that they may be provided with keen cutting `edges, and with shape and clearness such as they may be able to make a smooth cut on lumber of a diilicult charac ter of work.

Other objects of my invention will appear from a consideration of the specification and the claims terminating the same.

The particular feature which I claim as my invention will be defined in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown my invention in the form of construc* tion which is now preferred by me. Y

Figure 1 is a face view of my cutter head with a portion of one side broken away to more clearly show the positionand relation of the cutters. Fig. 2 is an edge view of the cutter head with a segment cut therefrom. Fig. 3 is a face viewl of one of the adjustable cutters showing therewith a section of a piece of lumber and illustrating the shape of tongue formed by this set of cutters. Fig. d is a transverse section through thesame type of cutters taken in thepplane passing through the bottom of the groove, a section oi' lumber being shown therewith. Fig. 5 is a section taken on the line 5-5 oi Figfl; and Fig. 6 is a perspective of one ofthe other set of cutters detached from the head.

rIhe supporting body of the cutterhead is composed of two parts, 1 and 2, which are separated upon aplane `which is substantially perpendicular to the axis of the` cutter head. Theseparts, asherein shown, are in the form of two disks of kunequal thickness7 each being provided with suitable recesses Y and bores for the reception of cutters and bolts by which the parts and the cutters are 'of my present invention, need not be described.

The cutters 3, which form one set, are of cylindrical outline except that they are provided with a peripheral groove or grooves, as 3l, which will form the preliminary shape of the tongue required, and also are provided with such notches or cut-away sections as may be necessary to form the cutting edges. These cut-away sections are clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 1. The cutting away of these sections forms in each cutter, a face 32, which approximates fairly close to a radial plane, but should depart therefrom so as to make the angle at the cutting edge 33 an acute angle. Ihis is necessary only for the purpose of formalso for the purpose of providing a satisfactory clearance just back of the cutting edge. This type of cutter may be sharpened by only grinding back the face 32. The two parts l and 2,.which form the body of the head, are provided with recesses in theirV opposed Jfaces, of such size as to receive the cutters 3. This recessing is clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 2. They are also provided with bores concentric with these recesses through which pass clamping bolts 30, which also serve as the axes of the cutters 3. rIhe head of the ing a keener and smoother cutting edge and Y bolt '34- is preferably coned, and the bore,

through the outer part 2 of the head, is countersunk to correspond. The thickness of the cutters 3 should slightlyexceed the combined depth of the recesses in both parts of the head, within which it is placed, so as to maintain a slight clearance between the parts 1 and 2. This permits the use of cutters o slightly varying thicknesses and also provides a means, by theuse of interposed shims, by which the amount of separation of the other setof cutters may be adjusted The other set of cutters, of which one is shown in perspective in Fig. 6, is made in the form of a truncated cone or cones. The cross-section of these cutters, shown in Fig. 5, will clearly illustrate their general shape. The exterior conical surface l1 has its apex in one direction while the edges of the cutters are ground to form a slight frustum o a cone 42, which has its apex in the other d1- rection, the bases of these two cones being coincident. To better recess the head of the securing bolt 40, the outer face of these cutters may be recessed by hollowing them out, this forming a third conical surface p These cutters have a portion of one side cut away so as to form a cutting tooth. 45. This Vextends lthrough a material segment of the circle. Each of the parts 1 andV 2 ofthe head are provided with recesses for the reception of the cutters 4. These recesses44, are spaced in alternate relation with the ref cesses, which receive :the cutters 3 and lhave their inner or seating surface placed with its'axis at an angle with therot'ative axis of Y Vthe head.y Their position relative to the axis Aof the head is clearly shown in Fig. 5, in which View their axes are placed at 45 angle with theaxes of the head, these axes intersecting the axis of the headrand being placed in reversed position for the two heads. The angular position of these axes depends upon the angle employed in mak- Y ing vthe cutters`4 and lshould be such that,

when the cutter is secured in the recess, the cuttingedges, kas 4l and 42, will correspond in'position to the finished surfaces of the lumber being cut thereby. In the illustration, as'sshown, these surfaces are respectively perpendicular yand parallel to the axis of the'head. f 'l The cuttingface45 of these cutters, Vshould consisft'of a plane which extends to one side Aof the axis of the cutter, Vso that the edges 4l 'and 42, which do Vthcactual cutting, will form acute angles, and for thefurther purpose-of providing clearance Vfor thebody of the cutter immediately back 'ofthese' cutting edges.- Byadjusting the angular `position of these'cutters relativeto the bolts 40, by which they are secured, a slight variation in the separation of the cutting edges of each pair of cutters may be obtained. This variation is slight, but is only intendedtoV cover slight adjustments.. Should a larger adjustment be required, this may be obtained by employing shims in connection with the cut'- ters 32, which would thereby increase the Vseparation between the parts 1 and' 2 V*of the head. The cutters 4 are arranged in pairs and placed opposite each other andy between the positions'occupied by the cutters 3.

` In working some lvarieties of timber, great 'Y difficulty is found in securing a smooth finished surface Vwith the ordinary cutter. Thevv fiber of the wood seems to beof'such character that an ordinary cutter ywill Vproduce a fuzzy surface. lThisis particularly true of some sorts of pine, which is naturally of aV somewhat inferior quality.` I have found ythat the type of cutter herein described,

which is provided with positive vclearance wand with a yrelativelyV sharper acuteV angled edge, willproduce a` much superior surface when working such grades of lumber, particularly where, as in this case, one set of cutters is provided which roughly shapes out the edgeandranother set which removes but little stoclr'and surface to make the finish cut. The relation between the rough cut and the inish cut is shown in the cross sec-V tion ofthe board in connection with Fig. 2. The finish cut lines. Y Y

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent ofthe United States of America, 1s Y v Y1.'A cutter headhaving a series'of cutters mounted .forrotative adjustment'upon axes Vwhich are inclined to the axis of the head and having conical outery surfaces Vand notched to form cutting faces and "chipclearance. f Y 2. A cutter head having a series of cutters mounted for rotative adjustment upon axes which are'inclined to the rotative axis of the headk and having double conical outer surfaces, ,the bases of said cones being together, said cutters'being notched or cut across to form cutting faces which include portions of both of said cones. Y 3. A cutter head having a body composed of two parts which are relatively adjustable inthe direction of their axis of rotation, al

series of cutters mounted upon each of Vsaid body parts upon axes which are inclined -to the axis of rotation ofy the head 'and rota# tively adjustable upon their axes, the surfaces ofV saidV cutters which constitute their cutting edges Vbeing conical and concentric withtheir axes.4 Y

4. A 'cutter headhaving a seriesfof turned cutters mounted VVfor rotative adjustment upon axes whichV are parallel with'the rotativeaxesof the head,and a series'offturned cutters mounted for 'rotative' adjustment upon axes which'are inclined in planes which'are substantially radial tothe rotativel axis oftheheaol..Y v 'Y 5. A cutter head having aseries of cutters mounted for rotative 'adjustment'upon axes is indicated by the dotted which/are'parallel with theA rotative axis of Y the cutter and Vhaving 'outersurfaces which concentric-with theira2,{es, inV dented to form ythe cutting edges and chipclearance', and series of cutters mounted for rotative adjustment upon axes which are inclinedvtol the rotative axis ofthe head and Y planes which are substantially 'is substantially perpendicular toitslaXis of rotation,; each part being lprovided with circular recesses in their .inner or opposed ead, said cutters having conical faces, which recesses ,are intersected by the outer periphery of the body partsy and each register with the like recess of its companion part, cutters tting said recesses and serving as spacers between the parts of the head, said cutters and the head-body parts having alining bolt receiving holes, clamping bolts passing through said cutters and body parts, a supplemental set of cutters of conical outline of cutting surfaces, and means for' mounting said cutters on the periphery of.

said body parts with the axes of their cones in diagonal position relative to the axis of rotation of the cutter head.

7. A cutter head having a body composed of two parts separating upon a plane which is substantially perpendicular to its axis of rotation, each part being provided with circular recesses in their inner or opposed faces, which recesses are intersected by the outer periphery of the body parts and each register with the like recess of its companion part, cutters tting said recesses and serving as spacers between the parts of the head, said cutters and the head-body parts having alining bolt receiving holes, clamping bolts passing through said cutters and body parts, both of said body parts having cutter-receiving recesses located between the aforementioned recesses and with their axesy inclined to the axis of the cutter head, and cutters seating in said last mentioned recesses and having conical surfaces cut across to `form cutting edges.

Signed at Seattle, Washington this 20th day of January 1915.

EDWARD H. 1WAUGrH. Witnesses:

E. ARLITA ADAMS, CLARA A. HARM.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. G. i 

